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@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ To match a pattern, :py:func:`re.match` is used, meaning that Python will try to
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# ("carbonara", "al-dente")
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# ("carbonara", "al-dente")
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Running code at the initialization of the bot
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Running code at the initialization of the bot
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------------------------------------
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---------------------------------------------
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You can run code while the bot is starting by overriding the :py:meth:`Command.__init__` function.
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You can run code while the bot is starting by overriding the :py:meth:`Command.__init__` function.
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@ -229,14 +229,102 @@ function: ::
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Avoid using :py:func:`time.sleep` function, as it is considered a slow operation: use instead :py:func:`asyncio.sleep`,
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Avoid using :py:func:`time.sleep` function, as it is considered a slow operation: use instead :py:func:`asyncio.sleep`,
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a coroutine that does the same exact thing.
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a coroutine that does the same exact thing.
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Accessing the database
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Using the database
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------------------------------------
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------------------------------------
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.. Usually, bots are connected to a PostgreSQL database through a :py:class:`royalnet.database.Alchemy` interface (which is
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Bots can be connected to a PostgreSQL database through a special SQLAlchemy interface called
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itself a SQLAlchemy wrapper).
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:py:class:`royalnet.database.Alchemy`.
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.. Commands can access the connected database through the :py:class:`royalnet.database.Alchemy` available at
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If the connection is established, the ``self.interface.alchemy`` and ``self.interface.session`` fields will be
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``self.interface.alchemy``, and can access the database session at ``self.interface.session``.
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available for use in commands.
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``self.interface.alchemy`` is an instance of :py:class:`royalnet.database.Alchemy`, which contains the
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:py:class:`sqlalchemy.engine.Engine`, metadata and tables, while ``self.interface.session`` is a
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:py:class:`sqlalchemy.orm.session.Session`, and can be interacted in the same way as one.
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If you want to use :py:class:`royalnet.database.Alchemy` in your command, you should override the
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``require_alchemy_tables`` field with the :py:class:`set` of Alchemy tables you need. ::
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from royalnet.commands import Command
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from royalnet.database.tables import Royal
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class SpaghettiCommand(Command):
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name = "spaghetti"
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description = "Send a spaghetti emoji in the chat."
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syntax = "(pasta)"
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requrire_alchemy_tables = {Royal}
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...
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Querying the database
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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You can :py:class:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query` the database using the SQLAlchemy ORM.
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The SQLAlchemy tables can be found inside :py:class:`royalnet.database.Alchemy` with the same name they were created
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from, if they were specified in ``require_alchemy_tables``. ::
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RoyalTable = self.interface.alchemy.Royal
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query = self.interface.session.query(RoyalTable)
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Adding filters to the query
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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You can filter the query results with the :py:meth:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.filter` method.
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.. note:: Remember to always use a table column as first comparision element, as it won't work otherwise.
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::
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query = query.filter(RoyalTable.role == "Member")
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Ordering the results of a query
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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You can order the query results in **ascending order** with the :py:meth:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.order_by` method. ::
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query = query.order_by(RoyalTable.username)
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Additionally, you can append the `.desc()` method to a table column to sort in **descending order**: ::
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query = query.order_by(RoyalTable.username.desc())
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Fetching the results of a query
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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You can fetch the query results with the :py:meth:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.all`,
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:py:meth:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.first`, :py:meth:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.one` and
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:py:meth:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.one_or_none` methods.
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Remember to use :py:func:`royalnet.utils.asyncify` when fetching results, as it may take a while!
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Use :py:meth:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.all` if you want a :py:class:`list` of **all results**: ::
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results: list = await asyncify(query.all)
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Use :py:meth:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.first` if you want **the first result** of the list, or :py:const:`None` if
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there are no results: ::
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result: typing.Union[..., None] = await asyncify(query.first)
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Use :py:meth:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.one` if you expect to have **a single result**, and you want the command to
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raise an error if any different number of results is returned: ::
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result: ... = await asyncify(query.one) # Raises an error if there are no results or more than a result.
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Use :py:meth:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.one_or_none` if you expect to have **a single result**, or **nothing**, and
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if you want the command to raise an error if the number of results is greater than one. ::
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result: typing.Union[..., None] = await asyncify(query.one_or_none) # Raises an error if there is more than a result.
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More Alchemy
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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You can read more about :py:mod:`sqlalchemy` at their `website <https://www.sqlalchemy.org/>`_.
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Comunicating via Royalnet
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Comunicating via Royalnet
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------------------------------------
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------------------------------------
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@ -383,7 +383,7 @@
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<dl class="method">
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<dl class="method">
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<dt id="royalnet.bots.TelegramBot._init_client">
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<dt id="royalnet.bots.TelegramBot._init_client">
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<code class="sig-name descname">_init_client</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#royalnet.bots.TelegramBot._init_client" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<code class="sig-name descname">_init_client</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#royalnet.bots.TelegramBot._init_client" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Create the <a class="reference external" href="https://python-telegram-bot.readthedocs.io/en/stable/telegram.bot.html#telegram.Bot" title="(in Python Telegram Bot v11.1)"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">telegram.Bot</span></code></a>, and set the starting offset.</p>
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<dd><p>Create the <a class="reference external" href="https://python-telegram-bot.readthedocs.io/en/stable/telegram.bot.html#telegram.Bot" title="(in Python Telegram Bot v12.0)"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">telegram.Bot</span></code></a>, and set the starting offset.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="method">
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<dl class="method">
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@ -93,7 +93,14 @@
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</li>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#running-code-at-the-initialization-of-the-bot">Running code at the initialization of the bot</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#running-code-at-the-initialization-of-the-bot">Running code at the initialization of the bot</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#coroutines-and-slow-operations">Coroutines and slow operations</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#coroutines-and-slow-operations">Coroutines and slow operations</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#accessing-the-database">Accessing the database</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#using-the-database">Using the database</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#querying-the-database">Querying the database</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#adding-filters-to-the-query">Adding filters to the query</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#ordering-the-results-of-a-query">Ordering the results of a query</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#fetching-the-results-of-a-query">Fetching the results of a query</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#more-alchemy">More Alchemy</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#comunicating-via-royalnet">Comunicating via Royalnet</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#comunicating-via-royalnet">Comunicating via Royalnet</a></li>
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</ul>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</li>
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@ -371,10 +378,94 @@ function:</p>
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<p>Avoid using <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3.7/library/time.html#time.sleep" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">time.sleep()</span></code></a> function, as it is considered a slow operation: use instead <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3.7/library/asyncio-task.html#asyncio.sleep" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">asyncio.sleep()</span></code></a>,
|
<p>Avoid using <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3.7/library/time.html#time.sleep" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">time.sleep()</span></code></a> function, as it is considered a slow operation: use instead <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3.7/library/asyncio-task.html#asyncio.sleep" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">asyncio.sleep()</span></code></a>,
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a coroutine that does the same exact thing.</p>
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a coroutine that does the same exact thing.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="accessing-the-database">
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<div class="section" id="using-the-database">
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<h2>Accessing the database<a class="headerlink" href="#accessing-the-database" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<h2>Using the database<a class="headerlink" href="#using-the-database" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>itself a SQLAlchemy wrapper).</p>
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<p>Bots can be connected to a PostgreSQL database through a special SQLAlchemy interface called
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<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">self.interface.alchemy</span></code>, and can access the database session at <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">self.interface.session</span></code>.</p>
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<a class="reference internal" href="apireference.html#royalnet.database.Alchemy" title="royalnet.database.Alchemy"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">royalnet.database.Alchemy</span></code></a>.</p>
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<p>If the connection is established, the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">self.interface.alchemy</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">self.interface.session</span></code> fields will be
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available for use in commands.</p>
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<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">self.interface.alchemy</span></code> is an instance of <a class="reference internal" href="apireference.html#royalnet.database.Alchemy" title="royalnet.database.Alchemy"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">royalnet.database.Alchemy</span></code></a>, which contains the
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<a class="reference external" href="https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/13/core/connections.html#sqlalchemy.engine.Engine" title="(in SQLAlchemy v1.3)"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlalchemy.engine.Engine</span></code></a>, metadata and tables, while <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">self.interface.session</span></code> is a
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<a class="reference external" href="https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/13/orm/session_api.html#sqlalchemy.orm.session.Session" title="(in SQLAlchemy v1.3)"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlalchemy.orm.session.Session</span></code></a>, and can be interacted in the same way as one.</p>
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<p>If you want to use <a class="reference internal" href="apireference.html#royalnet.database.Alchemy" title="royalnet.database.Alchemy"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">royalnet.database.Alchemy</span></code></a> in your command, you should override the
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<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">require_alchemy_tables</span></code> field with the <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3.7/library/stdtypes.html#set" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">set</span></code></a> of Alchemy tables you need.</p>
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<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">royalnet.commands</span> <span class="k">import</span> <span class="n">Command</span>
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<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">royalnet.database.tables</span> <span class="k">import</span> <span class="n">Royal</span>
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<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">SpaghettiCommand</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Command</span><span class="p">):</span>
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<span class="n">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"spaghetti"</span>
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<span class="n">description</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"Send a spaghetti emoji in the chat."</span>
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<span class="n">syntax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"(pasta)"</span>
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<span class="n">requrire_alchemy_tables</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="n">Royal</span><span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="o">...</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="querying-the-database">
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<h3>Querying the database<a class="headerlink" href="#querying-the-database" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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<p>You can <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/13/orm/query.html#sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query" title="(in SQLAlchemy v1.3)"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query</span></code></a> the database using the SQLAlchemy ORM.</p>
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<p>The SQLAlchemy tables can be found inside <a class="reference internal" href="apireference.html#royalnet.database.Alchemy" title="royalnet.database.Alchemy"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">royalnet.database.Alchemy</span></code></a> with the same name they were created
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from, if they were specified in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">require_alchemy_tables</span></code>.</p>
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<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">RoyalTable</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">interface</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">alchemy</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Royal</span>
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|
<span class="n">query</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">interface</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">session</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">RoyalTable</span><span class="p">)</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="adding-filters-to-the-query">
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<h3>Adding filters to the query<a class="headerlink" href="#adding-filters-to-the-query" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
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|
<p>You can filter the query results with the <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/13/orm/query.html#sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.filter" title="(in SQLAlchemy v1.3)"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.filter()</span></code></a> method.</p>
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<div class="admonition note">
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<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
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<p>Remember to always use a table column as first comparision element, as it won’t work otherwise.</p>
|
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</div>
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<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">query</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">query</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">filter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">RoyalTable</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">role</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">"Member"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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||||||
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="ordering-the-results-of-a-query">
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<h3>Ordering the results of a query<a class="headerlink" href="#ordering-the-results-of-a-query" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
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<p>You can order the query results in <strong>ascending order</strong> with the <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/13/orm/query.html#sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.order_by" title="(in SQLAlchemy v1.3)"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.order_by()</span></code></a> method.</p>
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<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">query</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">query</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">order_by</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">RoyalTable</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">username</span><span class="p">)</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>Additionally, you can append the <cite>.desc()</cite> method to a table column to sort in <strong>descending order</strong>:</p>
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<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">query</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">query</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">order_by</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">RoyalTable</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">username</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">desc</span><span class="p">())</span>
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</pre></div>
|
||||||
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="fetching-the-results-of-a-query">
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<h3>Fetching the results of a query<a class="headerlink" href="#fetching-the-results-of-a-query" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
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<p>You can fetch the query results with the <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/13/orm/query.html#sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.all" title="(in SQLAlchemy v1.3)"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.all()</span></code></a>,
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||||||
|
<a class="reference external" href="https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/13/orm/query.html#sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.first" title="(in SQLAlchemy v1.3)"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.first()</span></code></a>, <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/13/orm/query.html#sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.one" title="(in SQLAlchemy v1.3)"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.one()</span></code></a> and
|
||||||
|
<a class="reference external" href="https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/13/orm/query.html#sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.one_or_none" title="(in SQLAlchemy v1.3)"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.one_or_none()</span></code></a> methods.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>Remember to use <a class="reference internal" href="apireference.html#royalnet.utils.asyncify" title="royalnet.utils.asyncify"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">royalnet.utils.asyncify()</span></code></a> when fetching results, as it may take a while!</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>Use <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/13/orm/query.html#sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.all" title="(in SQLAlchemy v1.3)"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.all()</span></code></a> if you want a <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3.7/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">list</span></code></a> of <strong>all results</strong>:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">results</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">asyncify</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">all</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||||||
|
</pre></div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Use <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/13/orm/query.html#sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.first" title="(in SQLAlchemy v1.3)"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.first()</span></code></a> if you want <strong>the first result</strong> of the list, or <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> if
|
||||||
|
there are no results:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">typing</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Union</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">asyncify</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">first</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||||||
|
</pre></div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Use <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/13/orm/query.html#sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.one" title="(in SQLAlchemy v1.3)"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.one()</span></code></a> if you expect to have <strong>a single result</strong>, and you want the command to
|
||||||
|
raise an error if any different number of results is returned:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="o">...</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">asyncify</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">one</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># Raises an error if there are no results or more than a result.</span>
|
||||||
|
</pre></div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Use <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/13/orm/query.html#sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.one_or_none" title="(in SQLAlchemy v1.3)"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.one_or_none()</span></code></a> if you expect to have <strong>a single result</strong>, or <strong>nothing</strong>, and
|
||||||
|
if you want the command to raise an error if the number of results is greater than one.</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">typing</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Union</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">asyncify</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">one_or_none</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># Raises an error if there is more than a result.</span>
|
||||||
|
</pre></div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
<div class="section" id="more-alchemy">
|
||||||
|
<h3>More Alchemy<a class="headerlink" href="#more-alchemy" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
|
||||||
|
<p>You can read more about <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlalchemy</span></code> at their <a class="reference external" href="https://www.sqlalchemy.org/">website</a>.</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
</div>
|
</div>
|
||||||
<div class="section" id="comunicating-via-royalnet">
|
<div class="section" id="comunicating-via-royalnet">
|
||||||
<h2>Comunicating via Royalnet<a class="headerlink" href="#comunicating-via-royalnet" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
<h2>Comunicating via Royalnet<a class="headerlink" href="#comunicating-via-royalnet" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -163,7 +163,14 @@
|
||||||
</li>
|
</li>
|
||||||
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="creatingacommand.html#running-code-at-the-initialization-of-the-bot">Running code at the initialization of the bot</a></li>
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="creatingacommand.html#running-code-at-the-initialization-of-the-bot">Running code at the initialization of the bot</a></li>
|
||||||
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="creatingacommand.html#coroutines-and-slow-operations">Coroutines and slow operations</a></li>
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="creatingacommand.html#coroutines-and-slow-operations">Coroutines and slow operations</a></li>
|
||||||
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="creatingacommand.html#accessing-the-database">Accessing the database</a></li>
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="creatingacommand.html#using-the-database">Using the database</a><ul>
|
||||||
|
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="creatingacommand.html#querying-the-database">Querying the database</a></li>
|
||||||
|
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="creatingacommand.html#adding-filters-to-the-query">Adding filters to the query</a></li>
|
||||||
|
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="creatingacommand.html#ordering-the-results-of-a-query">Ordering the results of a query</a></li>
|
||||||
|
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="creatingacommand.html#fetching-the-results-of-a-query">Fetching the results of a query</a></li>
|
||||||
|
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="creatingacommand.html#more-alchemy">More Alchemy</a></li>
|
||||||
|
</ul>
|
||||||
|
</li>
|
||||||
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="creatingacommand.html#comunicating-via-royalnet">Comunicating via Royalnet</a></li>
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="creatingacommand.html#comunicating-via-royalnet">Comunicating via Royalnet</a></li>
|
||||||
</ul>
|
</ul>
|
||||||
</li>
|
</li>
|
||||||
|
|
File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long
|
@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ To match a pattern, :py:func:`re.match` is used, meaning that Python will try to
|
||||||
# ("carbonara", "al-dente")
|
# ("carbonara", "al-dente")
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Running code at the initialization of the bot
|
Running code at the initialization of the bot
|
||||||
------------------------------------
|
---------------------------------------------
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
You can run code while the bot is starting by overriding the :py:meth:`Command.__init__` function.
|
You can run code while the bot is starting by overriding the :py:meth:`Command.__init__` function.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -229,14 +229,102 @@ function: ::
|
||||||
Avoid using :py:func:`time.sleep` function, as it is considered a slow operation: use instead :py:func:`asyncio.sleep`,
|
Avoid using :py:func:`time.sleep` function, as it is considered a slow operation: use instead :py:func:`asyncio.sleep`,
|
||||||
a coroutine that does the same exact thing.
|
a coroutine that does the same exact thing.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Accessing the database
|
Using the database
|
||||||
------------------------------------
|
------------------------------------
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. Usually, bots are connected to a PostgreSQL database through a :py:class:`royalnet.database.Alchemy` interface (which is
|
Bots can be connected to a PostgreSQL database through a special SQLAlchemy interface called
|
||||||
itself a SQLAlchemy wrapper).
|
:py:class:`royalnet.database.Alchemy`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.. Commands can access the connected database through the :py:class:`royalnet.database.Alchemy` available at
|
If the connection is established, the ``self.interface.alchemy`` and ``self.interface.session`` fields will be
|
||||||
``self.interface.alchemy``, and can access the database session at ``self.interface.session``.
|
available for use in commands.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``self.interface.alchemy`` is an instance of :py:class:`royalnet.database.Alchemy`, which contains the
|
||||||
|
:py:class:`sqlalchemy.engine.Engine`, metadata and tables, while ``self.interface.session`` is a
|
||||||
|
:py:class:`sqlalchemy.orm.session.Session`, and can be interacted in the same way as one.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If you want to use :py:class:`royalnet.database.Alchemy` in your command, you should override the
|
||||||
|
``require_alchemy_tables`` field with the :py:class:`set` of Alchemy tables you need. ::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
from royalnet.commands import Command
|
||||||
|
from royalnet.database.tables import Royal
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class SpaghettiCommand(Command):
|
||||||
|
name = "spaghetti"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
description = "Send a spaghetti emoji in the chat."
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
syntax = "(pasta)"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
requrire_alchemy_tables = {Royal}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
...
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Querying the database
|
||||||
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You can :py:class:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query` the database using the SQLAlchemy ORM.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The SQLAlchemy tables can be found inside :py:class:`royalnet.database.Alchemy` with the same name they were created
|
||||||
|
from, if they were specified in ``require_alchemy_tables``. ::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
RoyalTable = self.interface.alchemy.Royal
|
||||||
|
query = self.interface.session.query(RoyalTable)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Adding filters to the query
|
||||||
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You can filter the query results with the :py:meth:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.filter` method.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. note:: Remember to always use a table column as first comparision element, as it won't work otherwise.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
query = query.filter(RoyalTable.role == "Member")
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Ordering the results of a query
|
||||||
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You can order the query results in **ascending order** with the :py:meth:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.order_by` method. ::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
query = query.order_by(RoyalTable.username)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Additionally, you can append the `.desc()` method to a table column to sort in **descending order**: ::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
query = query.order_by(RoyalTable.username.desc())
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Fetching the results of a query
|
||||||
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You can fetch the query results with the :py:meth:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.all`,
|
||||||
|
:py:meth:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.first`, :py:meth:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.one` and
|
||||||
|
:py:meth:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.one_or_none` methods.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Remember to use :py:func:`royalnet.utils.asyncify` when fetching results, as it may take a while!
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Use :py:meth:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.all` if you want a :py:class:`list` of **all results**: ::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
results: list = await asyncify(query.all)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Use :py:meth:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.first` if you want **the first result** of the list, or :py:const:`None` if
|
||||||
|
there are no results: ::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
result: typing.Union[..., None] = await asyncify(query.first)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Use :py:meth:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.one` if you expect to have **a single result**, and you want the command to
|
||||||
|
raise an error if any different number of results is returned: ::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
result: ... = await asyncify(query.one) # Raises an error if there are no results or more than a result.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Use :py:meth:`sqlalchemy.orm.query.Query.one_or_none` if you expect to have **a single result**, or **nothing**, and
|
||||||
|
if you want the command to raise an error if the number of results is greater than one. ::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
result: typing.Union[..., None] = await asyncify(query.one_or_none) # Raises an error if there is more than a result.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
More Alchemy
|
||||||
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You can read more about :py:mod:`sqlalchemy` at their `website <https://www.sqlalchemy.org/>`_.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Comunicating via Royalnet
|
Comunicating via Royalnet
|
||||||
------------------------------------
|
------------------------------------
|
||||||
|
|
Loading…
Reference in a new issue