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royalnet/docs/html/creatingacommand.html
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<li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">Royalnet Commands</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#creating-a-new-command">Creating a new Command</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#command-arguments">Command arguments</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#coroutines-and-slow-operations">Coroutines and slow operations</a></li>
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<div class="section" id="royalnet-commands">
<h1>Royalnet Commands<a class="headerlink" href="#royalnet-commands" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<p>A Royalnet Command is a small script that is run whenever a specific message is sent to a Royalnet interface.</p>
<p>A Command code looks like this:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">royalnet.commands</span> <span class="k">import</span> <span class="n">Command</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">PingCommand</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Command</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;ping&quot;</span>
<span class="n">description</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;Play ping-pong with the bot.&quot;</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">interface</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="c1"># This code is run just once, while the bot is starting</span>
<span class="nb">super</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">data</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="c1"># This code is run every time the command is called</span>
<span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">data</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">reply</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Pong!&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="creating-a-new-command">
<h2>Creating a new Command<a class="headerlink" href="#creating-a-new-command" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>First, think of a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">name</span></code> for your command.
It’s the name your command will be called with: for example, the “spaghetti” command will be called by typing <strong>/spaghetti</strong> in chat.
Try to keep the name as short as possible, while staying specific enough so no other command will have the same name.</p>
<p>Next, create a new Python file with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">name</span></code> you have thought of.
The previously mentioned “spaghetti” command should have a file called <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">spaghetti.py</span></code>.</p>
<p>Then, in the first row of the file, import the <a class="reference internal" href="apireference.html#royalnet.commands.Command" title="royalnet.commands.Command"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Command</span></code></a> class from royalnet, and create a new class inheriting from it:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">royalnet.commands</span> <span class="k">import</span> <span class="n">Command</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">SpaghettiCommand</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Command</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="o">...</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Inside the class, override the attributes <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">name</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">description</span></code> with respectively the <strong>name of the command</strong> and a <strong>small description of what the command will do</strong>:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">royalnet.commands</span> <span class="k">import</span> <span class="n">Command</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">SpaghettiCommand</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Command</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;spaghetti&quot;</span>
<span class="n">description</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;Send a spaghetti emoji in the chat.&quot;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Now override the <a class="reference internal" href="apireference.html#royalnet.commands.Command.run" title="royalnet.commands.Command.run"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Command.run()</span></code></a> method, adding the code you want the bot to run when the command is called.</p>
<p>To send a message in the chat the command was called in, you can use the <a class="reference internal" href="apireference.html#royalnet.commands.CommandData.reply" title="royalnet.commands.CommandData.reply"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CommandData.reply()</span></code></a> method:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">royalnet.commands</span> <span class="k">import</span> <span class="n">Command</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">SpaghettiCommand</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Command</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;spaghetti&quot;</span>
<span class="n">description</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;Send a spaghetti emoji in the chat.&quot;</span>
<span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">data</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">data</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">reply</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;🍝&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>And… it’s done! The command is ready to be added to a bot!</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="command-arguments">
<h2>Command arguments<a class="headerlink" href="#command-arguments" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
</div>
<div class="section" id="coroutines-and-slow-operations">
<h2>Coroutines and slow operations<a class="headerlink" href="#coroutines-and-slow-operations" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>You may have noticed that in the previous example I wrote <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">await</span> <span class="pre">data.reply(&quot;🍝&quot;)</span></code> instead of just <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">data.reply(&quot;🍝&quot;)</span></code>.</p>
<p>This is because <a class="reference internal" href="apireference.html#royalnet.commands.CommandData.reply" title="royalnet.commands.CommandData.reply"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CommandData.reply()</span></code></a> isn’t a simple method: it is a coroutine, a special kind of function that
can be executed separately from the rest of the code, allowing the bot to do other things in the meantime.</p>
<p>By adding the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">await</span></code> keyword before the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">data.reply(&quot;🍝&quot;)</span></code>, we tell the bot that it can do other things, like
receiving new messages, while the message is being sent.</p>
<p>You should avoid running slow normal functions inside bot commands, as they will stop the bot from working until they
are finished and may cause bugs in other parts of the code!</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">data</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="c1"># Don&#39;t do this!</span>
<span class="n">image</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">download_1_terabyte_of_spaghetti</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;right_now&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">from</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;italy&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="o">...</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If the slow function you want does not cause any side effect, you can wrap it with the <span class="xref std std-ref">royalnet.utils.asyncify</span>
function:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">args</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">data</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="c1"># If the called function has no side effect, you can do this!</span>
<span class="n">image</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">asyncify</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">download_1_terabyte_of_spaghetti</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&quot;right_now&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">from</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;italy&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="o">...</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Avoid using <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3.7/library/time.html#time.sleep" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">time.sleep()</span></code></a> function, as it is considered a slow operation: use instead <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3.7/library/asyncio-task.html#asyncio.sleep" title="(in Python v3.7)"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">asyncio.sleep()</span></code></a>,
a coroutine that does the same exact thing.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="accessing-the-database">
<h2>Accessing the database<a class="headerlink" href="#accessing-the-database" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
</div>
<div class="section" id="comunicating-via-royalnet">
<h2>Comunicating via Royalnet<a class="headerlink" href="#comunicating-via-royalnet" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
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