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@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
\[ **Stefano Pigozzi** + **Caterina Gazzotti** + **Fabio Zanichelli** | Topic OpenMP | High Performance Computing Laboratory | Unimore \] \[ **Stefano Pigozzi** + **Caterina Gazzotti** + **Fabio Zanichelli** | Topic OpenMP | High Performance Computing Laboratory | Unimore \]
# C code optimization using OpenMP # C code optimization using NVIDIA CUDA
> ### Assignment #1 > ### Assignment #2
> >
> Every team is called to optimize (parallellize) the execution time of the assigned applications on multi-processor system. > Every team is called to optimize (parallellize) the execution time of the assigned applications on multi-processor system.
> >
@ -22,17 +22,6 @@
* [Enabled extra warnings by default](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/blob/bffa0502393d97e7cda4ac34c57dd9c3ac9ac9dc/OpenMP/linear-algebra/kernels/atax/Makefile#L6-L8) * [Enabled extra warnings by default](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/blob/bffa0502393d97e7cda4ac34c57dd9c3ac9ac9dc/OpenMP/linear-algebra/kernels/atax/Makefile#L6-L8)
* [Applied the maximum level of compiler optimizations](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/blob/bffa0502393d97e7cda4ac34c57dd9c3ac9ac9dc/OpenMP/linear-algebra/kernels/atax/Makefile#L9-L10) * [Applied the maximum level of compiler optimizations](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/blob/bffa0502393d97e7cda4ac34c57dd9c3ac9ac9dc/OpenMP/linear-algebra/kernels/atax/Makefile#L9-L10)
* [Replaced `tmp` array with a iteration-local variable](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/commit/7fc2506cc7c6743288a56047cbb44e960abec4fc) * [Replaced `tmp` array with a iteration-local variable](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/commit/7fc2506cc7c6743288a56047cbb44e960abec4fc)
* Created static OpenMP parallelizations to most `for` loops in the program:
* [First loop of `init_array`](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/blob/bffa0502393d97e7cda4ac34c57dd9c3ac9ac9dc/OpenMP/linear-algebra/kernels/atax/atax.c#L29)
* [Second loop of `init_array`](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/blob/bffa0502393d97e7cda4ac34c57dd9c3ac9ac9dc/OpenMP/linear-algebra/kernels/atax/atax.c#L37)
* [First loop of `kernel_atax`](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/blob/bffa0502393d97e7cda4ac34c57dd9c3ac9ac9dc/OpenMP/linear-algebra/kernels/atax/atax.c#L71)
* [Second loop of `kernel_atax`](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/blob/bffa0502393d97e7cda4ac34c57dd9c3ac9ac9dc/OpenMP/linear-algebra/kernels/atax/atax.c#L80)
* Gated parallelizations behind flags, allowing their configurations at compile time:
* [`TOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1` for the first loop of `init_array`](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/blob/bffa0502393d97e7cda4ac34c57dd9c3ac9ac9dc/OpenMP/linear-algebra/kernels/atax/atax.c#L28)
* [`TOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2` for the second loop of `init_array`](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/blob/bffa0502393d97e7cda4ac34c57dd9c3ac9ac9dc/OpenMP/linear-algebra/kernels/atax/atax.c#L36)
* [`TOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1` for the first loop of `kernel_atax`](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/blob/bffa0502393d97e7cda4ac34c57dd9c3ac9ac9dc/OpenMP/linear-algebra/kernels/atax/atax.c#L70)
* [`TOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2` for the second loop of `kernel_atax`](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/blob/bffa0502393d97e7cda4ac34c57dd9c3ac9ac9dc/OpenMP/linear-algebra/kernels/atax/atax.c#L79)
* [Made the parallelization thread count configurable at compile time](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/blob/bffa0502393d97e7cda4ac34c57dd9c3ac9ac9dc/OpenMP/linear-algebra/kernels/atax/Makefile#L11-L12)
* [Allowed the addition of `CFLAGS` from `make` calls](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/blob/bffa0502393d97e7cda4ac34c57dd9c3ac9ac9dc/OpenMP/linear-algebra/kernels/atax/Makefile#L13-L14) * [Allowed the addition of `CFLAGS` from `make` calls](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/blob/bffa0502393d97e7cda4ac34c57dd9c3ac9ac9dc/OpenMP/linear-algebra/kernels/atax/Makefile#L13-L14)
* [Disabled `make` output](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/commit/f655df0eb7e539b06965de7c79dbc1c7bc6a5950) * [Disabled `make` output](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/commit/f655df0eb7e539b06965de7c79dbc1c7bc6a5950)
* [Created `make bench` target to run](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/blob/bffa0502393d97e7cda4ac34c57dd9c3ac9ac9dc/OpenMP/linear-algebra/kernels/atax/Makefile#L20-L23) [a script performing multiple parametrized tests on the code to determine the best optimizations](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/blob/master/OpenMP/linear-algebra/kernels/atax/.bench.sh) * [Created `make bench` target to run](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/blob/bffa0502393d97e7cda4ac34c57dd9c3ac9ac9dc/OpenMP/linear-algebra/kernels/atax/Makefile#L20-L23) [a script performing multiple parametrized tests on the code to determine the best optimizations](https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1/blob/master/OpenMP/linear-algebra/kernels/atax/.bench.sh)
@ -40,173 +29,11 @@
## Results ## Results
```console TBD
$ make bench
Flags: -DMINI_DATASET
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.35e-05 seconds
Flags: -DMINI_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.92e-05 seconds
Flags: -DMINI_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 2.16e-05 seconds
Flags: -DMINI_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 2.61e-05 seconds
Flags: -DMINI_DATASET -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.9e-05 seconds
Flags: -DMINI_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 2.12e-05 seconds
Flags: -DMINI_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 2.36e-05 seconds
Flags: -DMINI_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 2.58e-05 seconds
Flags: -DMINI_DATASET -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.72e-05 seconds
Flags: -DMINI_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.91e-05 seconds
Flags: -DMINI_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 2.12e-05 seconds
Flags: -DMINI_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 2.32e-05 seconds
Flags: -DMINI_DATASET -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.92e-05 seconds
Flags: -DMINI_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 2.11e-05 seconds
Flags: -DMINI_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 2.3e-05 seconds
Flags: -DMINI_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 2.6e-05 seconds
Flags: -DSMALL_DATASET
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.00751 seconds
Flags: -DSMALL_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.00752 seconds
Flags: -DSMALL_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.00279 seconds
Flags: -DSMALL_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.0028 seconds
Flags: -DSMALL_DATASET -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.00761 seconds
Flags: -DSMALL_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.00761 seconds
Flags: -DSMALL_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.00289 seconds
Flags: -DSMALL_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.00293 seconds
Flags: -DSMALL_DATASET -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.00707 seconds
Flags: -DSMALL_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.00703 seconds
Flags: -DSMALL_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.00228 seconds
Flags: -DSMALL_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.00227 seconds
Flags: -DSMALL_DATASET -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.00707 seconds
Flags: -DSMALL_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.00706 seconds
Flags: -DSMALL_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.00228 seconds
Flags: -DSMALL_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.00228 seconds
Flags: -DSTANDARD_DATASET
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.419 seconds
Flags: -DSTANDARD_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.419 seconds
Flags: -DSTANDARD_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.162 seconds
Flags: -DSTANDARD_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.162 seconds
Flags: -DSTANDARD_DATASET -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.42 seconds
Flags: -DSTANDARD_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.42 seconds
Flags: -DSTANDARD_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.162 seconds
Flags: -DSTANDARD_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.162 seconds
Flags: -DSTANDARD_DATASET -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.386 seconds
Flags: -DSTANDARD_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.386 seconds
Flags: -DSTANDARD_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.128 seconds
Flags: -DSTANDARD_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.128 seconds
Flags: -DSTANDARD_DATASET -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.386 seconds
Flags: -DSTANDARD_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.386 seconds
Flags: -DSTANDARD_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.128 seconds
Flags: -DSTANDARD_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.129 seconds
Flags: -DLARGE_DATASET
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.83 seconds
Flags: -DLARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.83 seconds
Flags: -DLARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.707 seconds
Flags: -DLARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.707 seconds
Flags: -DLARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.82 seconds
Flags: -DLARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.82 seconds
Flags: -DLARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.704 seconds
Flags: -DLARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.703 seconds
Flags: -DLARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.64 seconds
Flags: -DLARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.64 seconds
Flags: -DLARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.527 seconds
Flags: -DLARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.527 seconds
Flags: -DLARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.63 seconds
Flags: -DLARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.64 seconds
Flags: -DLARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.527 seconds
Flags: -DLARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 0.525 seconds
Flags: -DEXTRALARGE_DATASET
......................... Average of 25 runs: 4.24 seconds
Flags: -DEXTRALARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 4.23 seconds
Flags: -DEXTRALARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.65 seconds
Flags: -DEXTRALARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.65 seconds
Flags: -DEXTRALARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 4.22 seconds
Flags: -DEXTRALARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 4.16 seconds
Flags: -DEXTRALARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.62 seconds
Flags: -DEXTRALARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.62 seconds
Flags: -DEXTRALARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 3.69 seconds
Flags: -DEXTRALARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 3.68 seconds
Flags: -DEXTRALARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.2 seconds
Flags: -DEXTRALARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.2 seconds
Flags: -DEXTRALARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 3.67 seconds
Flags: -DEXTRALARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 3.67 seconds
Flags: -DEXTRALARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.19 seconds
Flags: -DEXTRALARGE_DATASET -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_1 -DTOGGLE_INIT_ARRAY_2 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_1 -DTOGGLE_KERNEL_ATAX_2
......................... Average of 25 runs: 1.19 seconds
```
### Validation ### Validation
* Compiler used: **gcc** * Compiler used: **nvcc**
* Jetson Nano used: `8` * Jetson Nano used: `8`
To reproduce the obtained results: To reproduce the obtained results:
@ -214,7 +41,7 @@ To reproduce the obtained results:
1. Clone the repository on a Jetson Nano: 1. Clone the repository on a Jetson Nano:
```console ```console
$ git clone https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-1 $ git clone https://github.com/Steffo99/unimore-hpc-assignments
``` ```
2. Access our group's assigned folder: 2. Access our group's assigned folder:
@ -226,7 +53,7 @@ To reproduce the obtained results:
3. Checkout the exact commit the tests were executed on: 3. Checkout the exact commit the tests were executed on:
```console ```console
$ git checkout 28479dfb4b730fb50a50e6da02b9b1fe4fb298db $ git checkout TBD
``` ```
4. Run the benchmarking script: 4. Run the benchmarking script: